Tag Archives: ukuqeqeshwa

Okunamandla

I-Geology Yegolide: Ukubheka Okujulile Ekubunjweni, Ukusabalalisa, kanye Nokukhishwa Kwensimbi Eyigugu

Posted on by i-miamimining
Isigaxa segolide
31
Dec

Igolide liyinsimbi eyigugu osekuyizinkulungwane zeminyaka ifunwa. Yaziswa ngobuhle bayo, ukutholakala kwayo okungavamile, nekhono layo lokumelana nokugqwala. Kodwa livelaphi igolide? Yakhiwa futhi yasakazwa kanjani emhlabeni wonke? Futhi ikhishwa futhi icutshungulwe kanjani? Kulesi sihloko, sizocubungula i-geology yegolide ukuze siphendule le mibuzo nokunye.

Ukwakheka kwegolide

Igolide kucatshangwa ukuthi lavela ekuqhumeni kwe-supernova okwenzeka eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa edlule. Le micimbi emikhulu yezinkanyezi ikhulula inani elikhulu lamandla, elingahlanganisa izici ezilula ukuze zakhe ezisindayo. Kukholakala ukuthi igolide, kanye nezinye izakhi ezisindayo njengeplatinamu nesiliva, zadalwa ngale ndlela zase zisakazeka endaweni yonke.

Emhlabeni, igolide lingatholakala ezinhlotsheni ezimbili eziyinhloko zamadiphozithi: ama-lode deposits nama-placer deposits. I-Lode deposits, eyaziwa nangokuthi idiphozithi eyinhloko, ingumphumela wamaminerali anegolide afakwa uketshezi lwe-hydrothermal. Lolu ketshezi, olucebile ngegolide elincibilikisiwe namanye amaminerali, kwakheka lapho i-magma eshisayo ihlangana namanzi. Njengoba uketshezi luphola futhi luqina, amaminerali aqukethwe afakwa emifantwini nasemifantwini yedwala.

Ama-placer deposits, ngakolunye uhlangothi, akhiwa lapho igolide lihlukaniswa nedwala eliphethe futhi lithwalwa amanzi or umoya. Lokhu kungenzeka lapho idiphozithi yendawo iguguleka futhi igolide likhishelwa emfudlaneni noma emfuleni, lapho-ke liyiswa phansi nomfula lifakwe endaweni entsha. Ama-placer deposits avame ukutholakala ngesimo semibhede yamatshe noma izigxobo zesihlabathi ezigodini zemifula.

Ukusatshalaliswa kwegolide

Igolide litholakala kuwo wonke amazwekazi emhlabeni, nakuba livame ukutholakala ngendlela ye-lode deposits ezindaweni ezinomthamo ophezulu wamadwala entaba-mlilo kanye ne-sedimentary. Ezinye zezifunda ezidume kakhulu ngokukhiqiza igolide zihlanganisa iWitwatersrand Basin eNingizimu Afrika, iCarlin Trend in. Nevada, kanye ne-Super Pit eNtshonalanga Australia.

Nokho, igolide lingatholakala futhi ngamanani amancane ezinhlobonhlobo zamanye amatshe namaminerali. Isibonelo, kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa ne asebenza ngebhethri, okuyiminerali evamile etholakala ezinhlotsheni eziningi zamatshe. Igolide lingatholakala futhi ngamanani amancane ezinhlotsheni ezithile zenhlabathi, kanye nasemanzini olwandle.

Ukukhishwa kwegolide

Uma idiphozi yegolide isitholakele futhi isilungele ukumbiwa, kunezindlela ezimbalwa ezingasetshenziswa ukuze kukhishwe igolide. Indlela evame kakhulu i-cyanide leaching, ehlanganisa ukusebenzisa isisombululo se-cyanide ukuncibilikisa igolide ensimbi. Igolide libe selitholwa esixazululweni ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-adsorption, lapho igolide likhangiswa phezu kwekhabhoni ecushiwe.

Enye indlela esetshenziswa ngezinye izikhathi i-heap leaching, ehlanganisa ukunqwabelanisa insimbi enqwabeni bese ufafaza isixazululo sokucwilisa phezulu. Njengoba ikhambi lingena enqwabeni, lincibilikisa igolide, elibuye litholakale kusetshenziswa inqubo yokukhangisa efana ne-cyanide leaching.

Uma igolide selikhishiwe, ngokuvamile liyacwengwa ukuze kukhishwe noma yikuphi ukungcola. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngokuncibilikisa igolide bese ulivumela ukuthi liqine libe isikhunta, okwenza ibha noma ingot. Igolide lingase lithengiswe njengomkhiqizo oyinkunzi noma lisetshenziswe ekwenzeni ubucwebe, izinhlamvu zemali, noma eminye imikhiqizo.

Isiphetho

Igolide liyinsimbi eyigugu ekhangayo futhi efunwa kakhulu. Yakheka ekuqhumeni kwe-supernova futhi ingatholakala ezinhlotsheni ezimbili eziyinhloko zamadiphozithi emhlabeni:

ama-deposit kanye ne-placer deposits. Nakuba ivame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezinezintaba-mlilo kanye namadwala e-sedimentary, ingatholakala futhi ngamanani amancane kwezinye izinto.

Ukukhishwa kwegolide etsheni layo kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ehilela ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali nezindlela ezikhethekile. Uma selikhishiwe, igolide liyacwengwa ukuze likhiphe ukungcola futhi lingasetshenziswa ezintweni ezihlukahlukene, ezihlanganisa ubucwebe, izinhlamvu zemali neminye imikhiqizo.

Sekukonke, i-geology yegolide iyisihloko esithakazelisayo esiveza izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezilolonge iplanethi yethu kanye nensimbi eyigugu eye yakhanga abantu amakhulu eminyaka. Kusukela yayo ukuqeqeshwa ekuqhumeni kwe-supernova ekukhishweni nasekucwengisisweni kwayo emhlabeni, igolide liyinto eyingqayizivele neyigugu ngempela.

Okunamandla

I-Geology ye-Chrysoberyl: Ukwakheka, Isenzeko, kanye Nezimpawu

Posted on by i-miamimining
itshe eliyigugu le-chrysoberyl
30
Dec

I-Chrysoberyl iyitshe eliyigugu elingandile futhi elaziswa kakhulu eliye laziswa amakhulu eminyaka ngobuhle balo obumangalisayo nokuqina. Naphezu kokuthandwa kwalo, nokho, abantu abaningi bangase bangazi nge-geology ethakazelisayo ngemuva kwaleli tshe eliyigugu. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, sizohlola ukuqeqeshwa, ukwenzeka, nezici ze-chrysoberyl kumongo we-geological.

I-Chrysoberyl iwuhlobo lwamaminerali e-silicate akhiwa i-beryllium, i-aluminium, ne-oxygen. Kuyilungu le- i-beryl umndeni, ohlanganisa i-emerald, aquamarine, futhi morganite. I-Chrysoberyl ihlukile kulawa matshe ayigugu ngoba inombala ophuzi-oluhlaza ohlukile kuya kumbala onsundu-ophuzi, obangelwa ukuba khona kokungcola kwe-chromium nensimbi.

I-Chrysoberyl ivamise ukutholakala emadwaleni e-metamorphic kanye ne-igneous, akhiwa ngokushisa nokucindezela komsebenzi we-tectonic. Ingatholakala futhi kuma-alluvial deposits, akhiwa ngokuguguleka nokuthuthwa kwamadwala ngamanzi.

Esinye sezenzakalo eziphawuleka kakhulu ze-chrysoberyl sisezintabeni zase-Ural zaseRussia, lapho itholakala khona emica schist kanye ne-gneiss formations. Itholakala nakwezinye izingxenye zeYurophu, kanye naseBrazil, eMadagascar naseSri Lanka. Kwe I-united states, i-chrysoberyl ingatholakala ku Alabama, California, Futhi Virginia.

Ngokuya ngezici zayo zomzimba, i-chrysoberyl yaziwa ngokuhlukile ubulukhuni kanye nokuqina. Inobunzima obungu-8.5 esikalini se-Mohs, okuyenza ibe ngelinye lamatshe ayigugu anzima kakhulu. Iphinde imelane kakhulu nokunwaya, okwenza kube ukukhetha okudumile ukusetshenziswa kubucwebe.

I-Chrysoberyl inesakhiwo sekristalu esihlukile, esibonakala ngokuma kwayo okuyi-hexagonal. Amakristalu ngokuvamile mancane, futhi avame ukwenzeka ngamaqoqo, okunganikeza itshe eliyigugu ukuguqubala. or ukubukeka kobisi.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-chrysoberyl: i-chrysoberyl evamile kanye ne-cat's eye chrysoberyl. I-chrysoberyl evamile iyindlela evame kakhulu yetshe eliyigugu, futhi ibonakala ngombala wayo ophuzi-oluhlaza kuya kumbala onsundu-ophuzi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-chrysoberyl yeso lekati iyivelakancane kakhulu futhi ibonakala ngokuxoxa okuhlukile, noma umphumela "weso lekati", obangelwa ukufakwa okuncane okuhambisanayo okubonisa ukukhanya ngendlela ethile.

Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kwayo njengetshe eliyigugu, i-chrysoberyl inenani lezinye izinto ezithokozisayo kanye nezakhiwo. Isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ama-abrasives ekhwalithi ephezulu, futhi iphinde isetshenziswe njengento ephikisayo, okusho ukuthi ikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu futhi imelana nokuncibilika.

Sekukonke, i-chrysoberyl iyitshe eliyigugu elithakazelisayo neliyingqayizivele elinomlando ocebile nohlukahlukene we-geological. Ukuqina kwayo okungavamile, ukuqina, nobuhle bayo kuyenza ibe itshe eliyigugu elifunwa kakhulu abaqoqi nabathanda ubucwebe emhlabeni jikelele. Ngakho-ke, ngokuzayo lapho ubona ucezu lobucwebe be-chrysoberyl, thatha isikhashana ukwazisa i-geology ethokozisayo ngemuva kwaleli tshe eliyigugu elihle.

Okunamandla

Ukuthola Ubuhle Obukhangayo Bamakristalu Omgogodla: Ukubheka Okujulile Kwezimo Zabo Ze-Geological

Posted on by i-miamimining
ikristalu yomgogodla
26
Dec

Amakristalu omgogodla awuhlobo lwamaminerali aziwa ngobuhle bawo obumangalisayo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zemibala. Lawa makristalu angatholakala emithunzini ebomvu, ebomvana, ensomi, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza, namnyama, futhi aziswa ngesakhiwo sawo esiyingqayizivele sekristalu nokubukeka okukhazimulayo. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, sizobheka ngokujulile izici ze-geological zamakristalu e-spinel, sihlola imvelaphi yawo, ukuqeqeshwa, kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo.

Amakristalu omgogodla ayingxenye yeqembu le-spinel lamaminerali, elihlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo ze-silicates ne-chemical formula MgAl2O4. Lawa maminerali aziwa kakhulu ukumelana nokushisa nokuguga, futhi avame ukusetshenziswa njengama-abrasives namatshe ayigugu. Amakristalu omgogodla avame ukutholakala emadwaleni e-metamorphic, njengemabula ne-serpentinite, futhi angatholakala nasemadwaleni e-metamorphosed ultramafic kanye nama-mafic igneous rocks.

Ukwakhiwa kwamakristalu e-spinel kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ehilela ukuguqulwa kwamaminerali akhona ngaphansi kwezingcindezi eziphezulu namazinga okushisa. Le nqubo, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-metamorphism, ingenzeka ngaphakathi koqweqwe lomhlaba or i-mantle, futhi ngokuvamile ihlotshaniswa nomsebenzi we-tectonic kanye nokungena kwe-magma. Njengomphumela we-metamorphism, amakristalu e-spinel angase akhe njengama-inclusions ngaphakathi kwamanye amaminerali, noma angase acwebe ngokuzimela njengamakristalu ahlukene.

Ngokuphathelene nezakhiwo zomzimba, amakristalu e-spinel ayaziwa ngamandla awo adonsela phansi aphezulu, ubulukhuni, kanye nenkomba ye-refractive. Lezi zakhiwo, kuhlanganiswe nemibala yazo egqamile nokubukeka okukhazimulayo, kwenza amakristalu e-spinel abaluleke kakhulu njengamatshe ayigugu. Eqinisweni, amakristalu e-spinel asetshenziswe njengamatshe ayigugu amakhulu eminyaka, futhi aye aziswa ngabasebukhosini nabaqoqi ngokufanayo. Amanye amakristalu omgogodla adume kakhulu emhlabeni ahlanganisa “i-Black Prince’s Ruby,” umgogodla omkhulu, obomvu obekwe ku-Imperial State Crown of England, kanye ne-“Timur Ruby,” umgogodla omkhulu, ophinki oyingxenye ye ama-Crown Jewels aseBrithani.

Sengiphetha, amakristalu e-spinel awuhlobo oluhehayo lwamaminerali aziwa ngobuhle bawo obuhehayo kanye nezici eziyingqayizivele ze-geological. Kusukela ezinhlobonhlobo zazo zemibala kuya ezintweni zazo ezibonakalayo, lawa makristalu adonse ukunaka kwezazi zokwakheka komhlaba kanye nabathandi bamatshe ayigugu ngokufanayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyisazi sokuma komhlaba noma umane nje unokwazisa ngamagugu omhlaba, amakristalu e-spinel ngokuqinisekile azovusa uzungu futhi ajabule.