Dec
Copper iyingxenye yamakhemikhali enophawu u-Cu kanye nenombolo ye-athomu engu-29. Iyinsimbi ethambile, ethambile, nedubulekayo ene-thermal ephezulu kakhulu kanye ne-electrical conductivity. I-Copper itholakala oqweqweni lomhlaba ezinhlobonhlobo zamaminerali, kufaka phakathi i-chalcopyrite, malachite, futhi bornite. Kuwo wonke umlando, iye yadlala indima ebalulekile empucukweni yabantu, kusukela ekuthuthukisweni kwamathuluzi nobucwebe kuya ekusetshenzisweni kwayo ezintanjeni zikagesi zesimanje. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, sizocubungula i-geology yethusi, sihlole yayo ukuqeqeshwa, izakhiwo, kanye nokusetshenziswa emhlabeni namuhla.
Ukwakhiwa Kwethusi
Ithusi liyinto evamile oqweqweni lomhlaba, okwenza isilinganiso esilinganiselwa ku-0.0001% wobunzima bomhlaba. Itholakala ezinhlobonhlobo zamaminerali, kanti i-chalcopyrite iyinala kakhulu futhi ibalulekile kwezomnotho. I-Copper ingatholakala futhi ngamanani amancane ngesimo somdabu, okusho ukuthi ayihlanganisiwe nezinye izakhi kumaminerali.
Amaminerali e-Copper akha ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene ze-geological, kuhlanganise ne-volcanic, sedimentary, kanye nemvelo ye-metamorphic. Amadiphozithi ethusi abaluleke kakhulu, noma kunjalo, yilezo ezakha kusuka ekuhlanganiseni kwethusi oketshezini olushisayo. Lolu ketshezi, olunothe ngamaminerali ancibilikisiwe, lukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokupholisa nokuqiniswa kwetshe elincibilikisiwe, elaziwa ngokuthi i-magma.
Njengoba uketshezi luhamba oqweqweni lomhlaba, lungavaleleka ezingxenyeni eziqhekekile namaphutha, akhe imithambo yamaminerali ethusi. Amaminerali angaphinda afakwe edwaleni elinezimbotshana, njenge-sandstone, enze uhlobo lwediphozi eyaziwa ngokuthi i-porphyry copper deposit.
Izakhiwo Zethusi
I-Copper inenani lezinto eziyingqayizivele ezenza kube insimbi ebalulekile emisebenzini ehlukahlukene. Kuyi-conductor enhle yokushisa nogesi, okwenza kube usizo ekudluliseni ugesi kanye nokwakhiwa kwama-heaters. I-Copper ibuye imelane nokugqwala, iyenze ibe yinto ehlala isikhathi eside ukuze isetshenziswe kumapayipi nezinye izingqalasizinda.
I-Copper ingahlanganiswa nezinye izinsimbi ukwenza ama-alloys, angaba namandla athuthukisiwe, ubulukhuni, nezinye izakhiwo. Amanye ama-alloys ethusi avamile ahlanganisa ithusi, okuyingxube yethusi nezinc, nethusi, okuyingxube yethusi nethini.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Copper
Ithusi selisetshenziswe abantu izinkulungwane zeminyaka, nobufakazi bokusetshenziswa kwalo kusukela empucukweni yasendulo yaseGibhithe, eChina naseMelika. Esikhathini esidlule, ithusi lalisetshenziselwa ukwenza amathuluzi, ubucwebe nezinto zokuhlobisa. Yayisetshenziswa futhi ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo, njengoba iwumqhubi omuhle wokushisa nogesi.
Namuhla, ithusi lisetshenziswa ezintweni ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izintambo zikagesi, amapayipi amanzi, nokwakhiwa kwezimoto nezindiza. Ibuye isetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni izinhlamvu zemali, ubucwebe, nezinye izinto zokuhlobisa. I-Copper iyisici esibalulekile sama-alloys amaningi, kuhlanganise nethusi nethusi, asetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo.
Ukumbiwa kwethusi nakho kuye kwafeza indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni komphakathi wesintu. Izimayini zethusi zingatholakala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele, kuhlanganise neChile, i I-united states, kanye ne-Australia. Ukumba ithusi kuhilela ukukhishwa kwensimbi emhlabeni, bese igaywa ukuze kukhiqizwe insimbi yethusi. Ukumbiwa kwekhopha kungaba nomthelela omkhulu kwezemvelo, okuhlanganisa ukukhishwa kwamakhemikhali anobuthi nokucekelwa phansi kwezindawo zokuhlala. Ngenxa yalokho, imboni yezimayini yenze imizamo yokunciphisa umthelela wayo kwezemvelo, okuhlanganisa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo zokumba esimeme kanye nokusetshenziswa kwethusi eligaywe kabusha.
Isiphetho
I-Copper iyinsimbi ethakazelisayo enomlando ocebile kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene. Izakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele, kuhlanganise nekhono layo lokuqhuba ukushisa nogesi kanye nokumelana kwayo nokugqwala, kuyenza ibaluleke
insiza emphakathini wanamuhla. Kusukela ezintambo zikagesi namapayipi amanzi kuya ekwakhiweni kwezimoto nezindiza, ithusi lidlala indima ebalulekile ezicini eziningi zokuphila kwethu.
Naphezu kokubaluleka kwayo, ukumba ithusi kungaba nomthelela omkhulu kwezemvelo. Kubalulekile ukuthi imboni iqhubeke nokusebenzela izindlela zokumba ezinzile kanye nokusetshenziswa kwethusi eligaywe kabusha ukuze kuncishiswe le mithelela.
Kafushane, i-geology yethusi iyisihloko esithakazelisayo, lapho insimbi itholakala kumaminerali ahlukahlukene futhi yakheka ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene ze-geological. Izakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo kuyenza ibe yinsiza ebalulekile ezweni lanamuhla, futhi ukumba ithusi kube nendima ebalulekile emlandweni wesintu.