E ʻike i nā waiwai o Pennsylvania: ʻO kāu alakaʻi hoʻokalakupua maikaʻi loa
Sep
ʻO Pennsylvania, me kāna ʻano ʻano ʻano ʻano ʻano like ʻole, ke kono nei i nā mea leʻaleʻa, nā ʻohana, a me nā mea hahai holoholona makamae e ʻike i kāna mau waiwai huna. Mai ka ʻālohilohi quartz i shimmering serpentine, ua loaʻa iā Keystone State nā mea a pau. Ma kēia alakaʻi, e ʻimi mākou i nā wahi maikaʻi loa noʻu, nā pōhaku makamae āu e ʻike ai, a me ka mōʻaukala waiwai o eli pohaku i Pennsylvania.
ʻO nā pōhaku makamae kaulana loa ma Pennsylvania
ʻO ka hoʻonaninani honua ʻokoʻa o Pennsylvania e hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻopaʻa i nā pōhaku maʻamau a me nā pōhaku makamae. ʻOiai ʻike ʻia nā mea maʻamau ma nā wahi he nui a me ka nui o ka nui, ʻo nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi he mea maʻamau maoli no ka poʻe hahai holoholona. E ʻimi hohonu kākou i kēia mau ʻāpana ʻelua.
ʻO nā pōhaku makamae ma Pennsylvania:
| Gemstone | Description |
|---|---|
| berulo | He mineral mai ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo (emerald) a i ka uliuli (aquamarine). Loaʻa i nā pegmatites. |
| ʻO Pyrite | Kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo "ke gula naʻaupō" ma muli o kona ʻālohilohi metala. Kaulana no kona ʻano ʻālohilohi, like me ke gula. |
| Kyanite | Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mineral blue-aluminosilicate ma ke ʻano he mineral index e hoʻohālikelike i ka mahana, hohonu, a me ke kaomi i ka wā metamorphism. |
| Olivine | He aniani ʻōmaʻomaʻo i loaʻa mau i loko o nā pōhaku igneous mafic. |
| Staurolite | Ua kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo "fairy crosses" ma muli o kāna māhoe aniani kea. Loaʻa i nā pōhaku metamorphic. |
Nā pōhaku makamae maʻamau ma Pennsylvania:
| Gemstone | Description |
|---|---|
| Quartz | ʻO kekahi o nā minerala nui loa, mai ke aniani a hiki i ka uahi. |
| Garnet | ʻIke pinepine ʻia kēia mau pōhaku ʻulaʻula hohonu ma nā pōhaku metamorphic o Pennsylvania. |
| Kaui | ʻO kahi hui o nā mineral e hua mai i nā pōhaku ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻike nui ʻia ma nā wahi hema o ka mokuʻāina. |
| Tourmaline | He mineral waihoʻoluʻu hiki ke loaʻa i loko o kahi kikoʻī o nā waihoʻoluʻu, maʻamau ma ka ʻāina hikina. |
| Calcite | Loaʻa pinepine ʻia kēia aniani ma nā ʻāpana limestone o Pennsylvania a hiki ke lele ma lalo o ke kukui UV. |
| Feldspar | He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o nā pōhaku igneous a metamorphic o Pennsylvania. |
| Muscovite | He ʻano mika ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula, ʻike ʻia ma nā ʻano pōhaku he nui o ka mokuʻāina. |
| Hematite | He mineral waiwai hao me ka hina hina or ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula. ʻO ia ka mea nui o ka hao. |
| Kelepona | ʻO kekahi mea hao hao, ʻo ia ka mea magnetic a loaʻa pinepine me ka hematite. |
| ʻO Dolomite | He pōhaku carbonate pili loa i ka limestone akā ʻokoʻa ma muli o kona ʻano magnesium. |
ʻO ka ʻāina ākea a me ka mōʻaukala honua waiwai o Pennsylvania e hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau pōhaku makamae, nā mea maʻamau a me nā mea maʻamau, ma nā wahi like ʻole o ka mokuʻāina. Lawe lākou i ke kumu o ka waiwai mineralogical o ka ʻāina a huki i nā mea hoihoi i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
ʻO nā wahi eli pōhaku maikaʻi loa ma Pennsylvania
- ʻO Quartz Hill mine, Lebanona: Kaulana ʻia no kāna mau waihona quartz nui, ʻo ka Quartz Hill Mine kahi puʻu no ka poʻe hoihoi i kēia aniani. Aia ma kahi kokoke i Lebanona, ʻo kona mau hola hana mai 8 am a 6 pm. ʻOiai ʻokoʻa nā uku e pili ana i ka hana mining, loaʻa nā huakaʻi alakaʻi no ka poʻe hoihoi i ka mōʻaukala o ka mine.
- Serpentine Barrens, Hema Pennsylvania: He kaiaola kū hoʻokahi, kūpono ka Serpentine Barrens no ka poʻe hoihoi nahesa. ʻAʻohe hola hana paʻa o ka pūnaewele a ʻaʻole manuahi ke komo ʻana, akā hoʻomanaʻo ʻia nā malihini e mahalo i ke ʻano palupalu.
- ʻO ka Umu Knob, Hikina Pennsylvania: He kahua kaulana no ka tourmaline, ʻo Bake Oven Knob he wahi kiʻi kiʻi i hele pinepine ʻia e nā ʻohi pōhaku. Wehe mai ka puka ʻana a ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā, manuahi ke komo ʻana, akā ʻōlelo ʻia e kipa i nā lā pule e pale aku i ka lehulehu.
- Meadow Run, Fayette County: ʻIke ʻia no kona mau pōhaku momona, ʻo Meadow Run kahi kahawai kahi e hua nui ai ka panning. Wehe i ka makahiki, ʻaʻohe uku o ka pūnaewele akā makemake ʻia e kipa i nā mahina maloʻo no ka ʻike maikaʻi loa.
- ʻO Grace Mine, Berks County: He lua hao ma mua, ke hāʻawi nei ʻo Grace Mine i nā ʻike hematite a me ka magnetite. ʻOiai he kuleana pilikino ia, aia kekahi mau lā wehe no ka hahai holoholona lehulehu. Hiki ke loli nā uku a me nā hola hana.
- ʻO Jonestown ʻula Bed, Kalana ʻo Lebanona: E like me ka inoa i hōʻike ʻia, ʻo ka agate ke kiʻi mua ma aneʻi. Wehe ʻia mai ka hola 8 a hiki i ka hola 5, he uku liʻiliʻi no ka ʻeli ʻana o ka lā, ʻo ia hoʻi nā lako hoʻolimalima.
- ʻO Bald Eagle State Forest, Center County: He wahi wela no ka beryl a me ka aquamarine, hāʻawi kēia ululāʻau i nā ʻāina nani ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā manawa hahai holoholona. Wehe a puni ka makahiki, noa ke komo, akā pili nā kānāwai ohi.
- ʻO French Creek Mine, Chester County: Kaulana ʻia no kāna pyrite a me ka magnetite, ʻo French Creek Mine kahi wahi maikaʻi loa no ka poʻe hoʻomaka. Wehe ʻia mai ka hola 9 am a hiki i ka hola 6 pm, aia ka uku nominal, e uhi ana i nā kumu mea hana eli.
- ʻO Durham Mine, Bucks County: He mea koʻikoʻi ka mōʻaukala no kāna hao, ʻo Durham Mine ke ʻimi nei i ka poʻe e ʻimi nei i ka calcite a me ka dolomite. Wehe ʻia i kekahi manawa no ka eli lehulehu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nānā ʻana i nā lā a me nā uku.
- Mcadoo, kalana ʻo Schuylkill: Loaʻa i ka anthracite a me ka quartz, kūpono ʻo Mcadoo no ka poʻe e ʻimi nei e komo hohonu i loko o ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina o Pennsylvania. He ʻokoʻa nā hola hana, a he uku liʻiliʻi no nā huakaʻi alakaʻi e hāʻawi i kahi ʻike hohonu o ka mōʻaukala a me ka moʻolelo o ka pūnaewele.
Hāʻawi kēia mau pūnaewele ʻumi i kahi ʻike mining gem like ʻole ma Pennsylvania, e hāʻawi ana i kahi hui o ka mōʻaukala, geology, a, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ka hauʻoli o ka hopu. E hōʻoia mau i ka nānā ʻana me nā pūnaewele pākahi ma mua o ka hoʻolālā ʻana i kahi kipa, no ka mea hiki ke loli nā hola hana a me nā uku.
Ka Moolelo o ka Mining Gem ma Pennsylvania
Ka hoʻoilina o ka mining gem in ʻO Pennsylvania ka waiwai a me ka moʻolelo, e pena ana i kahi kāwele nani o nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe o ka mokuʻāina a me ka ʻuhane paionia o kona poʻe kamaʻāina. I mea e mahalo maoli ai i ka waiwai a me ke koʻikoʻi o nā waiwai pōhaku o ka mokuʻāina ʻo Keystone, he mea nui e ʻimi i nā moʻolelo o kāna mōʻaukala eli.
Ua hoʻomaka lōʻihi ka pilina o Pennsylvania me nā pōhaku makamae a me nā minerala ma mua o ke kau ʻana o ka poʻe noho ʻEulopa i kona lepo. Ua mahalo nā ʻohana ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Lenape a me Susquehannock, i ka waiwai o ka ʻāina a hoʻohana i nā minerala kūloko no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana, nā mea nani, a me nā mea hana. Ua ʻike mua lākou i ka waiwai maoli o nā pōhaku e like me ka quartz, i hoʻohana ʻia ʻaʻole no kona nani wale nō akā no kāna hana i nā mea hana hana.
I ka hōʻea ʻana mai o nā poʻe noho ʻEulopa i ke kenekulia 17, ua neʻe ka moʻolelo mai ke ola ʻana i ke kālepa. I ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka waiwai mineral ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia o Pennsylvania, ua hoʻomaka kēia poʻe noho i nā ʻoihana mining i hoʻonohonoho ʻia. Ma ka 18th century, ua loaʻa i Pennsylvania ka inoa ma ke ʻano he hub no nā mea hoihoi a me nā miners. I ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻenehana mining, ua ʻike ʻia nā pōhaku ʻokoʻa like ʻole, e huki ana i ka manaʻo mai nā wahi a pau o ka ʻāina.
I ke kenekulia 19, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana ʻenehana. ʻO nā mines e like me ka Quartz Hill Mine ma Lebanona a me ka Serpentine Barrens ma ka hema o Pennsylvania i lilo i mau inoa hale ma waena o nā mea hōʻiliʻili a me nā mea kālepa. ʻAʻole kēia au i hōʻailona wale i ka ʻili ʻana o nā pōhaku no ko lākou waiwai aesthetic akā ʻo ka ʻike pū ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi mineralogical o Pennsylvania ma ka ʻoihana a me ka ʻepekema.
ʻOiai ua ʻike ʻia ke kenekulia 20 i ka emi ʻana o nā hana mining nui ma muli o ka hopohopo kaiapuni a me ka neʻe ʻana o nā paradigms hoʻokele waiwai, ua mau ka manaʻo o ka hahai holoholona. Ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe hobbyist, ʻohana, a me nā mea kālaihonua amateur i nā mines o Pennsylvania, ʻaʻole no ka loaʻa kālā, akā no ka hoʻopili ʻana me ke ʻano, ka mōʻaukala, a me ka hauʻoli o ka ʻike.
I kēia lā, i ko mākou noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina eli pōhaku ʻana o Pennsylvania, ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole ia e pili ana i nā pōhaku ponoʻī wale nō akā i nā moʻolelo a lākou e haʻi nei - nā moʻolelo o nā moʻolelo kahiko, nā poʻe paionia, nā hana ʻoihana, a me nā poʻe i hui pū ʻia e ko lākou makemake i nā waiwai o ka honua.
ʻO nā hoʻoponopono hoʻoemi pōhaku ma Pennsylvania
ʻO ka waiwai nui o ka ʻāina ʻo Pennsylvania, i nā makahiki, ua hoʻokipa i ka nui o nā mea hoihoi, nā miners, a me nā ʻoihana kalepa. ʻO ka hoʻowalewale o ka ʻike ʻana i kahi pōhaku ʻālohilohi a i ʻole kekahi mineral waiwai i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka ʻāina o ka mokuʻāina. Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻo Pennsylvania, e like me nā mokuʻāina ʻē aʻe, aia nā lula e pale i kāna mau kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe, e hōʻoia i ka palekana o kona poʻe kamaʻāina, a mālama i ke kaulike kaiaola.
ʻO ka mea mua a me ka mea nui, ua huki ʻia kahi ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka ʻohi hobbyist a me ka mining pāʻoihana. ʻAe ʻia ka poʻe hobbyist a i ʻole ka poʻe hahai holoholona ʻōpio e hōʻiliʻili i nā specimens no ka hoʻohana pilikino me ka pilikia ʻole. He ʻoiaʻiʻo loa kēia ma nā ʻāina aupuni kahi e ʻae ʻia ai ka ʻimi ʻana i nā pōhaku. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka nui o nā pōhaku makamae hiki ke hōʻiliʻili pinepine ʻia e hōʻoia i ka hoʻomau. Eia kekahi, pāpā loa ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mīkini nui a i ʻole nā mea pahū e nā mea leʻaleʻa.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka ʻeli ʻana - nā hana e manaʻo nei e kūʻai aku a loaʻa kālā paha mai ka ʻohi ʻana i ka mineral - pono i nā ʻae ʻae. Hoʻokomo pinepine kēia mau laikini i nā loiloi hopena o ke kaiapuni no ka hōʻoia ʻana ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻeli ʻana i nā kaiaola a i ʻole nā kumu wai. Eia kekahi, ma hope o ka pau ʻana o nā hana mining, ua kauoha ʻia nā hui e hana i nā hana hoʻolaʻa ʻāina e hoʻihoʻi i ka wahi i kona kūlana kumu a i ʻole e hoʻohana pono ʻia.
Aia kekahi mau kapu e pili ana i kahi e hiki ai ke mine. ʻO nā ʻāina pilikino, no ka laʻana, koi ʻia ka ʻae maopopo mai ka mea nona ka ʻāina. ʻO ke komo hewa ʻana i nā mines pilikino a i ʻole nā koi me ka ʻole o ka ʻae ʻia he kānāwai ʻole a hiki ke lawe i nā hoʻopaʻi nui. I ka hihia o nā paka moku'āina a i ʻole nā wahi i pale ʻia, pāpā pinepine ʻia ka ʻeli ʻana, ʻoiai no nā hana leʻaleʻa e pale i nā wahi kūlohelohe a me nā kumuwaiwai moʻomeheu.
ʻO nā hoʻoponopono palekana kekahi mea e hopohopo nui ai. ʻO nā mines, ʻoi aku nā mea kahiko a i haʻalele ʻia paha, hiki ke pilikia. Nā lāʻau lalo, maikaʻiʻole ʻO nā pōhaku, a i ʻole nā mea ʻawaʻawa mai nā hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka wā i hala aku nei he pilikia nui. No laila, ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia kekahi mau wahi i ka lehulehu, a i ʻole pono ʻoe e ʻaʻahu i nā lako palekana.
ʻO ka mea hope loa, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole hoʻopaʻa wale nā lula akā pale. Hoʻopaʻa lākou e mālama ʻia ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina waiwai o Pennsylvania no nā hanauna e hiki mai ana. Mālama pū kēia mau lula i nā kuleana o ka poʻe nona ka ʻāina, mālama i nā wahi noho maoli, a me ka manaʻo e pale i ka pōʻino o ke kaiaola.
No ka poʻe makemake i ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kahi huakaʻi mining gem ma Pennsylvania, ʻōlelo mau ʻia e hana i ka noiʻi ʻana, e mahalo i nā lula, a e hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o kēia mau lula no ka maikaʻi o ka nohona o ka mokuʻāina a me kona poʻe.
Nā mea hana a me nā lako e pono ai no ka Mining Gem ma Pennsylvania
Ke hele nei i kahi huakaʻi mining gem ma Pennsylvania, ʻo ka hoʻomākaukau pono ʻana hiki ke hoʻonui i kou ʻike a hoʻonui i kou manawa e wehe ai i nā waiwai huna. ʻO ke ʻano o ka ʻeli ʻana, inā ma loko o ka lua hāmama, ma kapa kahawai, a i ʻole ma ke ana, pono nā mea hana kūikawā i kūpono i ke kaiapuni. Eia kahi alakaʻi holoʻokoʻa i nā mea pono no kāu huakaʻi hahai holoholona ma Pennsylvania:
1. Nā mea hana nānā a hoʻokaʻawale: Hōʻike i kēlā mau waiwai huna!
Description: I ka eli ana ma na kahawai a me na wahi me ka sediment kaawale, e kokua ana kekahi mau pale kanana e hookaawale i na pohaku nui a me na opala mai na pohaku makamae. He mea maʻalahi kēia no ka wehe ʻana i nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi.
🛒 E ʻimi i nā ʻōkuhi hōʻike kiʻekiʻe ma Amazon
2. Nā Koʻi a me nā Trowels: ʻEli hohonu a ʻohi wale paha i ka ʻili?
Description: He mea pono no ka eli ana, hiki i keia mau mea paahana ke hana ma ka lepo palupalu a i ole ka lepo ma kahi kokoke i ka muliwai. He kūpono lākou no ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka honua a me ka wehe ʻana i nā waihona waiwai.
🛒 E ʻimi i nā Shovels a me nā Trowels maikaʻi ma Amazon
3. ʻOhi a me nā hāmare: ʻO ka iwi kuamoʻo o kēlā me kēia hana hahai holoholona.
Description: He kūpono kēia mea hana no ka wāwahi ʻana i nā pōhaku a me ka hōʻike ʻana i nā pōhaku i loko. Me ka wēlau palahalaha a me ka hopena kiko, ua hoʻolālā ʻia no ka pololei a me ka ikaika.
🛒 E nānā i nā koho maikaʻi loa a me nā Hammers ma Amazon
4. Bkeke: Kou hoa hilinai no ka lawe waiwai.
Description: Hiki ke maʻalahi ka bākeke paʻa no ka lawe ʻana i nā mea ʻike nui a hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻano pōhaku like ʻole.
🛒 E kūʻai aku i nā pākeke hilinaʻi ma Amazon
5. Makaaniani Hoonui: He nui nā kiko'ī a pau!
Description: He liʻiliʻi a koi ʻia paha kekahi mau pōhaku makamae a i ʻole nā mea hoʻohālike minerala. Hiki i ke aniani hoʻonui i ka nānā kikoʻī a hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā pōhaku maoli mai nā mea like.
🛒 E kiʻi i kāu aniani hoʻonui ma Amazon
6. Puke alakai a me na alakai kahua: ʻIke ma kou manamana lima.
Description: He mea waiwai nui ke alakaʻi kahua pōhaku pōhaku no Pennsylvania. Kōkua ia i ka ʻike ʻana a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i kāu ʻike, hāʻawi i nā ʻike i ka pōhaku makamae aʻo, helehelena, a kamaʻāina.
🛒 E ʻike i nā alakaʻi kahua maikaʻi loa ma Amazon
7. Nā ʻeke a me nā ʻeke: E hoʻonohonoho, kūʻai, a hoʻonani i kāu mau mea i loaʻa.
Description: Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻike, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻeke paʻa a i ʻole nā mea ipu e hōʻoia i ka mālama palekana. ʻO nā ipu plastik liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ʻeke padded he mea maikaʻi loa no ka loaʻa maʻalahi a waiwai paha.
🛒 E kūʻai aku i nā ʻoluʻolu mālama ma Amazon
8. ʻO ke kōkua kōkua: ʻOi aku ka palekana ma mua o ka minamina!
Description: Hiki i nā pōʻino, ʻoiai ka liʻiliʻi. Pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia kahi pahu kōkua mua me nā band-aids, antiseptic, a me nā mea pono ʻē aʻe.
🛒 Mālama i kāu pahu kōkua mua ma Amazon
I ka hopena, hiki i nā mea hana kūpono ke hoʻololi nui i kāu ʻoihana mining gem. ʻAʻole wale lākou e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi a me ka hiki ke loaʻa, akā hōʻoia pū lākou i ka palekana a me ka hōʻoluʻolu i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kāu huakaʻi, e nānā i nā koi kikoʻī o kāu wahi eli i koho ʻia a hoʻololi i kāu pahu hana e like me ia.
Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a me nā hoʻopunipuni no ka ʻimi ʻana i nā pōhaku kūleʻa ma Pennsylvania
ʻO ka wehe ʻana i ka honua o ka mining gem e pili ana i ka hoʻolālā a me ka ʻike e pili ana i ka laki a me ka hoʻomau. Inā ʻoe he mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa a i ʻole he mākaʻikaʻi mākaukau, hāʻawi ka ʻāina geological like ʻole o Pennsylvania i nā manawa kūpono no kēlā me kēia. No ka hoʻonui ʻana i kāu ʻike mining gem ma ka mokuʻāina ʻo Keystone, e noʻonoʻo i kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a me nā hoʻopunipuni:
1. E noiʻi ma mua o ka manawa: Ma mua o ka hele ʻana i waho, e noiʻi i nā pōhaku kūikawā o ka wahi āu e manaʻo ai e kipa. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana iā ʻoe iho me kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona e kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike maʻalahi i ka loaʻa.
2. Kipa Ma hope o ka ua: Hiki i ka ua ke holoi i ka lepo o luna, e hōʻike ana i nā pōhaku makamae i hūnā ʻia ma ka ʻili. ʻOi loa inā ʻoe e pā ana i nā muliwai, hiki i ka ua hou ke lawe mai i nā waiwai hou i lalo.
3. Hoʻomaka mua: ʻAʻole wale kēia e paʻi i ka lā awakea, akā nui nā wahi kaulana e hiki ke piha i ka wā e hele ana ka lā. ʻO ka hoʻomaka mua e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i kahi kūpono a me ka liʻiliʻi o nā haunaele.
4. E ahonui: He pāʻani hoʻomanawanui ka mining gem. Mai minamina inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike koke i kekahi mea. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, hiki mai nā ʻike maikaʻi loa ma hope o nā hola o ka ʻimi ʻana.
5. Hoʻopili me nā kamaʻāina: Loaʻa i ka poʻe ʻoliʻoli a i ʻole nā miners ka ʻike nui e pili ana i nā wahi huna, nā mea i ʻike hou ʻia, a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā pōhaku nui ma ia wahi.
6. E mahalo i ke Kaiapuni: E hoʻomanaʻo mau e hoʻopiha i nā lua āu e ʻeli ai a pale i ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i nā mea ulu a me nā holoholona. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka pono o ke kaiapuni e hōʻoia i ka hiki ʻana o kēia mau wahi a me ka hua no nā mea nānā e hiki mai ana.
7. E kau i kou lole: Hiki ke ʻike ʻole ʻia ka lewa, a ʻokoʻa nā ʻāina. ʻO ka ʻaʻahu ʻana i nā papa e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi i nā kūlana hoʻololi, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo iā ʻoe e noho ʻoluʻolu a puni ka lā.
8. E hui i kahi hui a i ʻole hui: Ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻo Pennsylvania i nā hui ʻimi ʻimi mineralogical a me nā pōhaku. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana i ia hui hiki ke hāʻawi i ke komo i nā ʻeli pilikino, alakaʻi alakaʻi, a me kahi kaiāulu o nā mea hoihoi like.
9. Hoʻokomo i kahi alakaʻi kahua maikaʻi: Ke ulu nei ʻoe i kāu huakaʻi hahai holoholona, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi alakaʻi piha e kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana a hāʻawi i nā ʻike i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka gem, rarity, a me ka waiwai.
10. Noho palekana: E hōʻike mau i kekahi i kou wahi e hele ai a i kou manaʻo e hoʻi mai. Inā hiki, e launa pū me kekahi hoa, ʻoi aku ma nā wahi ʻike ʻole a i ʻole nā wahi kaʻawale.
No ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, pono ka ʻimi ʻana i nā pōhaku maikaʻi ma Pennsylvania i kahi hui o ka hoʻomākaukau, hoʻomau, a me ka mahalo i ke kaiapuni. ʻOiai ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi pōhaku makamae a i ʻole kekahi ʻano mineral ʻokoʻa he mea hauʻoli, ʻo ka huakaʻi ponoʻī - i loko o ke ʻano, e ʻimi ana i ka ʻāina, a me ka hoʻopili ʻana me ka mōʻaukala honua waiwai o Pennsylvania.
Ka mālama ʻana i kāu ʻike pōhaku pōhaku
ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i kahi pōhaku makamae, inā ʻo kāu mua a i ʻole kāu kanalima, he ʻike hauʻoli mau. Eia naʻe, ma hope o ka hauʻoli o ka loaʻa, pono e ʻike pehea e mālama ai, hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a hōʻike paha i kāu mau waiwai. Hiki i ka lawelawe kūpono ke hoʻololi i ka mālama ʻana i ka nani a me ka waiwai o kāu mau pōhaku makamae. Eia kahi alakaʻi holoʻokoʻa no ka mālama ʻana i kāu ʻike waiwai Pennsylvania:
1. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe mālie: E hoʻomaka me ka holoi ʻana i kāu mau pōhaku makamae ma lalo o ka wai mehana e wehe i ka lepo a i ʻole ka ʻōpala. No ka lepo paʻakikī, e hoʻohana i kahi pulumu palupalu, e like me ka pulupulu niho, e holoi mālie i ka ʻili.
2. E ʻike i kāu Gem: Hiki i kekahi mau pōhaku makamae ke maʻalahi i ka lā, ka wela, a i ʻole kekahi mau kemika. ʻO ka noiʻi ʻana i nā waiwai kikoʻī o kāu ʻike e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole ʻoe e hōʻino wale iā ia i ka wā hoʻomaʻemaʻe a mālama paha.
3. E pale aku i na mea kino kino: ʻOiai he mea hoʻowalewale nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe hale, hiki iā lākou ke hōʻeha i nā pōhaku makamae. Akā, koho i ka wai kopa maʻemaʻe inā pono kahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe hohonu.
4. Waihona Pono: E mālama i kāu mau pōhaku makamae i mea e pale ai iā lākou mai ka ʻohi ʻana kekahi i kekahi. ʻO nā ʻeke palupalu a i ʻole nā pahu pōhaku padded no kēia kumu.
5. Lepili: ʻOi loa inā he hahai holoholona ʻoe, ʻo ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana i kāu mau mea i loaʻa me ka lā, kahi, a me ke ʻano o ka pōhaku e hiki ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i kāu hōʻiliʻili.
6. E noʻonoʻo i nā koho hōʻike: Mai nā pahu pale a hōʻike i nā hihia, nui nā ala e hōʻike ai i kāu mau pōhaku. E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka nani āu e makemake ai a pehea ka manawa āu e makemake ai e mālama a hōʻike paha i kāu mau pōhaku.
7. Loaʻa i kahi manaʻo ʻoihana: Inā manaʻo ʻoe ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mea waiwai nui a i ʻole he mea rarity, e noʻonoʻo e lawe iā ia i kahi gemologist a i ʻole appraiser. Hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i nā ʻike i ka maikaʻi o kāu gem, kumu, a me ka waiwai kūpono.
8. E aʻo i ka Gemology kumu: ʻO ka hoʻokomo kālā ʻana i kahi papa gemology kumu a i ʻole papa hana hiki ke hāʻawi i ka ʻike koʻikoʻi, e kōkua ana iā ʻoe e ʻike maikaʻi, pae, a mālama i kāu ʻike.
9. E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana: ʻO nā pōhaku nani a i ʻole nā pōhaku manaʻo he mau moho kūpono no nā hoʻonohonoho hoʻonaninani. Hiki i nā mea kūʻai kūloko ke hana i nā ʻāpana maʻamau, e hoʻohuli i kāu mau mea i ʻike ʻia i mea hiki ke hoʻohana.
10. Palapala: No ka loaʻa ʻole a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka waiwai, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i nā palapala (e like me nā loiloi a i ʻole nā pepa ʻike) he mea koʻikoʻi no nā kumu ʻinikua a kūʻai hou.
I ka hopena, ʻaʻole i pau ka huakaʻi o ka hahai holoholona me ka ʻike. ʻO ka mālama pono ʻana a me ka mahalo i kāu mau mea i loaʻa e hōʻoiaʻiʻo e noho mau lākou e like me ka lā āu i ʻeli ai iā lākou, e lilo ana i mau hoʻomanaʻo mau no kāu huakaʻi ma nā ʻāina waiwai o Pennsylvania.
Loaʻa ʻia nā pōhaku makamae kaulana ma Pennsylvania
ʻO Pennsylvania, me kāna mōʻaukala geologic waiwai, ʻo ia ke kahua o nā ʻike pōhaku kupanaha he nui. ʻO kēia mau mea i ʻike ʻia, ʻo kekahi mau makahiki i hala i hala, ua hoʻohālikelike i ka hoʻoilina mineralogical o ka mokuʻāina a piqued i ka hoihoi o ka poʻe hoihoi i ka honua. Eia ka nānā ʻana i kekahi o nā pōhaku koʻikoʻi loa i loaʻa ma Pennsylvania:
1. Ka Hoku o Pennsylvania: Loaʻa i nā makahiki 1900, ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe kēia sapphire i kahi hiʻohiʻona hōkū kū hoʻokahi ke nānā ʻia ma lalo o ke kukui pololei. ʻO ke kaumaha ma luna o 50 carats, ua lilo ia i hōʻailona hōʻailona o ka waiwai pōhaku o Pennsylvania.
2. Nā ulu lāʻau Garnet: I ka makahiki 1800, ua ʻike ʻia nā waihona nui o ka garnet ma kekahi mau wahi o Pennsylvania. Hoʻokahi ʻike kikoʻī i loaʻa i kahi puʻupuʻu aniani garnet nui, ʻoi aku ka nui o 10 paona, e hana ana i nā poʻomanaʻo i nā pōʻai gemological.
3. ʻO ka Blue Beauty Turquoise: He mea laʻa ʻole ʻo Turquoise ma Pennsylvania, akā i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 20, ua ʻike ʻia kahi ʻano polū nani. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo 'Blue Beauty' no kona hue momona, ʻo kēia ʻike ʻia kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona turquoise ʻokoʻa loa o ka mokuʻāina.
4. Mauna Quartz: ʻO kahi pūnaewele kokoke i Lancaster i hana i kahi helu nui o nā kristal quartz kiʻekiʻe i ka makahiki 1950. ʻO kekahi mea i ʻike ʻia he aniani quartz ʻālohilohi i hana maikaʻi ʻia ma luna o 3 paona.
5. 'ametuseto Alanui He mea maʻamau nā Amethysts, akā i ka makahiki 1970, ua hāʻawi mai kahi vein ma Pennsylvania i nā kristal poni hohonu loa, ʻo kekahi a hiki i 8 iniha. ʻO kēia mau mea i loaʻa i kēia manawa he ʻāpana o nā hōʻiliʻili hale hōʻikeʻike.
6. ʻO Pennsylvania Peridot: I ka makahiki 1985, ua loaʻa i kahi mea miner ke ʻano o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo peridot specimen. ʻO kēia pōhaku, kaulana no kona nui a me ka akaka, ua huki ʻia ka manaʻo mai ka poʻe mea waiwai a me nā ʻohi a puni ka ʻāina.
7. Lani Lani: ʻAʻole ʻike maʻamau ʻia ʻo Pennsylvania no ka celestite, akā ua ʻike ʻia i nā makahiki 2000 mua i hoʻololi i kēlā. ʻO kahi puʻupuʻu celestite ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula, e like me kahi ʻāpana o ka lani pō, lilo ia i mea punahele i waena o nā ʻohi ʻohi kūloko.
8. Na Ana Calcite: I loko o nā makahiki, ua hāʻawi mai kekahi mau ana i nā hana calcite nani. ʻO kekahi mea i ʻike nui ʻia i ka hopena o nā makahiki 1990 he luminecent ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka calcite ʻalani, i ʻike ʻia ma lalo o ke kukui UV.
9. Nā lā gula o Pyrite: He nui nā mea kaulana i loaʻa i ka "gula a ka naʻaupō" o Pennsylvania, pyrite. I ke kenekulia 20, ua ʻike ʻia kahi ʻano hoʻohālike cubic pyrite kokoke loa, e hoʻolohilohi ana me kona mau ʻaoʻao ʻoi a me ka ʻālohilohi metala.
10. ka topazo Hoʻopā: Ua loaʻa i kahi kahua pōhaku kaulana ʻole ma Pennsylvania i kahi topaz o ka mālamalama maikaʻi ʻole a me kahi hue gula liʻiliʻi, e hōʻailona koke iā ia ʻo kekahi o nā mea nui loa o ka mokuʻāina.
Ua hoʻohui ʻia kēlā me kēia o kēia mau ʻike i ka lore mineralogical o Pennsylvania, e hōʻike ana i nā waiwai geologic like ʻole e kali ana ma lalo o kona ʻili. Hoʻoulu kēia mau moʻolelo i ka poʻe hahai holoholona a me ka poʻe akamai i ka moʻo e moeʻuhane i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mea nui e hiki mai ana.
ʻO nā manawa kūpono eli pōhaku hou
ʻO ka hauʻoli o ka hahai holoholona ʻaʻole i paʻa i nā palena o Pennsylvania. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hāʻawi kekahi mau mokuʻāina e pili ana i nā ʻike mining pōhaku kūʻokoʻa a hoihoi, kēlā me kēia me kāna mau mea kupanaha maoli a me nā moʻolelo o nā ʻike kupaianaha. Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei e hoʻonui i kāu kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi, e noʻonoʻo i kēia mau mokuʻāina kokoke:
1. ʻO ka ʻeli ʻana i nā pōhaku ʻo New York: ʻIke ʻia no kāna mau daimana Herkimer kaulana, New York hāʻawi i nā mea hoihoi i ka manawa e ʻike ai i kēia mau kristal quartz nani i hoʻopau ʻia ʻelua. ʻO ka moku'āina kahi home no nā garnets a me nā moonstones ma kekahi mau ʻāina.
2. ʻO Ohio Gem Mining: Ohio e kāʻei ana me kāna mau waihona waiwai o ka flint, ʻoi aku ka waiwai nui o Ohio Flint. Eia kekahi, he mau ʻeke ka mokuʻāina kahi i nui ai nā mōʻalihaku trilobite, kahi meaʻai no nā ʻohi mōʻalihaku.
3. ʻO ka Minina Gem Virginia Komohana: Kaulana no kāna corundum uliuli nani, ʻike ʻia hoʻi he sapphires. West Virginia hoʻohiki i ka ʻimi huaʻai no ka poʻe hoihoi gem. Eia kekahi, ʻike ʻia ka mokuʻāina no ka garnets a me ka quartz.
4. ʻO Maryland Gem Mining: Me kona ʻano kālaihonua like ʻole, Maryland hāʻawi i nā manawa e loaʻa ai nā agate, nā iasepi, a me ke gula ma kekahi mau wahi.
5. ʻO Delaware Gem Mining: ʻOiai he mokuʻāina liʻiliʻi, Delaware ua ʻike ʻia e hana i nā garnets, ʻoi loa ma nā wahi e pili ana i ka Brandywine Creek.
6. ʻO New Jersey Gem Mining: Kaulana no kāna mau waihona mineral prehistoric, New Jersey he wahi wela no ka zeolites. Eia kekahi, ua hana ka moku'āina i nā hiʻohiʻona nani o ka garnet ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
Hāʻawi ka East Coast, me kāna mau ʻano hana honua kahiko a me ka mōʻaukala mining waiwai, kahi pā pāʻani nui no nā mea hoihoi. Hāʻawi kēlā me kēia moku'āina i kāna mau waiwai a me kāna mau moʻolelo ponoʻī, e hana ana i kēlā me kēia huakaʻi mining i kahi huakaʻi hou a hoihoi.
ko kakou ʻO ka mining pōhaku ma kahi kokoke iaʻu Hoʻopiha ʻia ke alakaʻi me nā ʻike koʻikoʻi no ka poʻe makemake i nā miners gem.
ʻO ka hoʻohiwahiwa pau ʻole o ka ʻimi kiʻi pōhaku a me nā pahu ʻili home
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopu ʻana i nā pōhaku makamae ma Pennsylvania ma mua o ka hana maʻalahi o ka ʻeli ʻana i nā pōhaku makamae. He hulahula pili ia me ka mōʻaukala, ka ʻimi ʻana i nā mea kupanaha o ka honua, a me ke ʻano o ka makemake mau o ke kanaka e ʻike a mālama i nā nani huna o ko kākou honua. Hāʻawi nā ʻāina like ʻole o Pennsylvania i ka mea mākaʻikaʻi maʻamau a me ka gemologist i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i kahi ʻāpana waiwai o nā ʻike, ʻokoʻa kēlā me kēia huakaʻi mining, e hoʻohiki ana i ka paʻakikī a me ka uku.
Eia nō naʻe, no ka poʻe i kāohi ʻia e ka manawa, nā kumuwaiwai, a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka hauʻoli o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pōhaku. E komo i ka pahu mining gem — he ʻike i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e lawe mai i ka kupanaha o ka mining i ka hōʻoluʻolu o kou home. Hāʻawi kēia mau pahu i nā ʻano pōhaku makamae e hoʻohālike ana i ka mining maoli. Hiki i ka poʻe hoihoi ke ʻokiʻoki, holoi, a hōʻike i nā waiwai, me ka manaʻo i ka hauʻoli like o ka ʻike. He ala maikaʻi loa ia e hoʻolauna i nā keiki i ka geology, a i ʻole e hoʻihoʻi hou i ka hauʻoli o ka hahai holoholona i kēlā me kēia manawa āu e makemake ai.
