Malama Archives: December 2022

he aniani la

Ke ʻimi nei i ka nani a me ka mōʻaukala o Carnelian: He Manaʻo o ke kanaka hulihonua

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pōhaku pālima carnelian
27
Dec

ʻO Carnelian kahi mineral hoʻohiwahiwa i mahalo ʻia no kona kala ʻalani-ʻulaʻula nani no nā kenekulia. Akā, ua ʻike anei ʻoe he ʻano chalcedony maoli nō ia, he ʻano like ʻole quartz? Ma kēia pou blog, e ʻimi mākou i ka geology o carnelian a aʻo e pili ana i kāna aʻo, waiwai, a me ka hoohana ana. Mai nā moʻomeheu kahiko a hiki i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā mea nani o kēia wā, ua hana nui ʻo carnelian i ka mōʻaukala kanaka. Inā he kanaka hulihonua ʻoe or loaʻa wale i kahi aloha no nā pōhaku a me nā minela, e hāʻawi kēia pou i kahi nānā hohonu i ka honua hoihoi o ka carnelian.

ʻO Carnelian kahi ʻano microcrystalline quartz, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua hana ʻia me nā kristal liʻiliʻi a paʻa paʻa. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia ma ke kaʻina hana o ka ua silica, ka mea i hana ʻia i ka wā e hui ai nā wai waiwai silica, e like me ka wai lepo, me kahi mea hiki ke hana ma ke ʻano he nucleus no ka ulu aniani, e like me ka mōʻalihaku a i ʻole ka lua i loko o ka pōhaku. I ka wā lōʻihi, e ulu mālie ka silica i loko o nā wai a lilo i aniani.

Loaʻa pinepine ʻia ʻo Carnelian me nā ʻano quartz ʻē aʻe, e like me ʻula a me kalekadoni. Hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia e kona kala ʻalani-ʻulaʻula kūʻokoʻa, kahi i hana ʻia e ka hele ʻana o ka hao hao i loko o ka mineral. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka ikaika o ka waihoʻoluʻu mai ka ʻalani ʻeleʻele a i kahi hohonu, ʻulaʻula wela, ma muli o ka nui o ka hao oxide i loaʻa. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Carnelian no kona translucency a me ke ʻano o ka ʻōlinolino ʻana mai loko mai.

He moʻolelo lōʻihi ko Carnelian no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea nani a me nā mea hoʻonaninani. Ua kaulana ia i nā moʻomeheu kahiko, ʻo ia hoʻi ma ʻAigupita a me Roma, kahi i manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia he mau ʻuhane a hoʻōla. Ma ka moʻomeheu ʻAigupita, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka carnelian i nā amulets a me nā mea hoʻonaninani ʻē aʻe, a ua manaʻo ʻia e hāʻawi i ka pale a hoʻoikaika i ka wiwo ʻole. Ma Roma, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka carnelian i nā apo a me nā mea nani ʻē aʻe, a ua manaʻo ʻia he mana e hoʻomaha ai i ka makemake o ka mea hoʻohana.

Ua kaulana ʻo Carnelian i ka Middle Ages a me ka Renaissance, a ua hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā hoʻolālā nani. I kēia lā, ʻimi nui ʻia ʻo ia no kona nani a me ka versatility. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i loko o nā pendants, nā apo pepeiao, a me nā ʻano mea nani ʻē aʻe, a mahalo ʻia no kona hiki ke hoʻokō i nā ʻano ʻili ākea.

Ma waho aʻe o kona hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea nani, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka carnelian no nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe i ka mōʻaukala. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he talisman no ka pale a me ka pōmaikaʻi, a ua manaʻo ʻia he hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka noʻonoʻo a me ka hoʻomanaʻo. Ua hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole, me nā maʻi digestive a me ke kuni.

ʻO Carnelian kahi mineral nani a hoihoi i hana nui i ka mōʻaukala kanaka. Mai kona hoʻokumu ʻana a hiki i kona hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea nani a me nā mea hoʻonaninani, loaʻa ka carnelian i ka waiwai a me ka moʻolelo kahiko. Inā he kanaka hulihonua paha ʻoe a makemake wale paha i nā pōhaku a me nā minela, ʻo ka carnelian ka mea e hoʻohauʻoli a me ka hoʻowalewale.

he aniani la

Ke ʻimi nei i ka Geology a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o Amber: Mai ka lāʻau Resin a i ka pōhaku makamae

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pōhaku makamae amber
26
Dec

Ke ʻimi nei ʻoe e aʻo hou e pili ana i ka mea pohihihi a nani i kapa ʻia ʻo amber? Ua hopu kēia pōhaku makamae i nā manaʻo o nā kānaka no nā kenekulia, a me ke kumu maikaʻi. ʻOi aku ka Amber ma mua o kahi kāhiko nani; loaʻa iā ia kahi moʻomeheu hoʻohiwahiwa a aʻo ka hana e hōʻike ana i ka pilina paʻakikī ma waena o nā mea kanu, nā holoholona, ​​a me ke ao kūlohelohe.

Akā, no hea mai ka amber, a pehea i hana ʻia ai? No ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke kālaihonua o ka amber, pono mākou e hoʻomaka me kona kumu e like me ka resin lāʻau.

Ke poino na laau or maʻi, hana lākou i ka resin ma ke ʻano he pale a ho'ōla. Hiki i kēia resin ke kahe i waho o ka lāʻau i kekahi manawa a paʻakikī i ka lepo, e hana i kahi paʻa paʻa. I ka wā lōʻihi, hiki ke lilo kēia resin i fossilized ma o ka hana i kapa ʻia he polymerization. I ka wā polymerization, hoʻololi ke ʻano kemika o ka resin, e hana ana i mea ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi. Ke hele mālie nei kēia kaʻina hana, no ka mea, ua ʻike ʻia ka resin i ka wela, ke kaomi, a me nā ikaika ʻē aʻe.

Loaʻa pinepine ʻia ka Amber i loko o nā pōhaku sedimentary, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahi me ka nui o ke ola o nā mea kanu. ʻO kekahi o nā kumu amber kaulana loa ʻo ia ka Baltic region, ka Dominican Republic, a me ke kahakai o Myanmar. Hiki ke loaʻa ka Amber ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka honua, e like me ka ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Kanada, ʻoiai ʻaʻole maʻamau kēia mau kumu.

ʻAʻole maopopo i ke kaʻina hana o ka amber, a he nui nā manaʻo e pili ana i ka hana ʻana o kēia pōhaku nani. Hoʻokahi manaʻo, ua hana ʻia ka amber i ka wā e paʻa ai ka resin i ka ʻili lāʻau a hoʻololi mālie ʻia ma o ke kaʻina polymerization. Manaʻo kekahi manaʻo e hana ʻia ka amber ke kahe ka resin i loko o nā loko wai pāpaʻu a uhi ʻia me ka sediment, e kōkua ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka resin a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hana polymerization.

Ma waho o ke kaʻina hana hoʻokumu pololei, ʻo ka hopena he pōhaku nani a aniani me kahi hoʻonohonoho kūikawā o nā waiwai kino. He māmā ka Amber, akā ikaika a kū'ē i ka haki. He alakaʻi maikaʻi loa ia o ka uila a ua hoʻohana ʻia no nā kenekulia i nā mea nani a me nā mea hoʻonaninani ʻē aʻe.

Ma waho aʻe o kona nani a me ka hoʻohana pono ʻana, ʻo ka amber kekahi kumu waiwai no nā ʻepekema a me nā mea noiʻi. Hiki i ka Amber ke loaʻa i nā ʻano mōʻalihaku like ʻole, me nā iniseti, nā mea kanu, a me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi. Hiki i kēia mau mōʻalihaku ke hāʻawi i nā ʻike koʻikoʻi i ka mōʻaukala o ke ola ma ka Honua a me ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole.

He koho kaulana ʻo Amber no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka noiʻi ʻepekema a me ka hoʻokolohua. ʻO kāna mau mea kūʻokoʻa e lilo ia i mea kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano noi like ʻole, me ka hana ʻana o ka insulation a me nā mea uila ʻē aʻe.

I ka hopena, ʻo ka geology a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka amber he kumuhana hoihoi e hōʻike ana i nā kaʻina hana paʻakikī i ka hana ma ke ao kūlohelohe. Mai kona hoʻomaka haʻahaʻa e like me ka resin lāʻau, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka amber i pōhaku makamae ma o ka ikaika o ka manawa a me ka geology. ʻO kona nani, ka maʻalahi, a me ke koʻikoʻi ʻepekema e lilo ia i mea kupaianaha maoli.

he aniani la

ʻO Aragonite: He alakaʻi alakaʻi a ke kanaka hulihonua i kēia Minerale Carbonate Unique

Posted on by miamimining
aragonite
26
Dec

ʻO Aragonite kahi mineral carbonate kū hoʻokahi i loaʻa nā ʻano mea hoihoi a me nā hanana i ka honua geologic. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ia i ʻike nui ʻia e like me kekahi o kāna mau mea mineral, e like me ka calcite a me ka dolomite, he mineral koʻikoʻi ka aragonite e pono ke ʻimi i ka hohonu. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e hāʻawi mākou i kahi alakaʻi piha i ka aragonite, e uhi ana i nā mea āpau mai kāna hanana aniani a me nā waiwai kino i kona hanana ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka honua honua.

ʻO ka mua, e hoʻomaka kākou me nā kumu. ʻO ka Aragonite kahi ʻano o ka mineral calcium carbonate, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua haku ʻia me ka calcium, carbon, a me nā ʻāpana oxygen. Loaʻa iā ia kahi ʻōnaehana kristal trigonal a hana maʻamau i ke ʻano o nā kristal elongated, like me ka nila. Hiki ke loaʻa kēia mau kristal i nā ʻano kala like ʻole, me ke keʻokeʻo, hina, melemele, a me ka ʻeleʻele, a hiki ke loaʻa i kekahi manawa ke aniani. or hiʻona translucent.

ʻO kekahi o nā mea hoihoi loa o ka aragonite ʻo ia ka hiki ke noho i loko o ʻelua mau hale aniani like ʻole, ma muli o nā kūlana i hana ʻia ai. Ua kapa ʻia ka hale mua i ke ʻano orthorhombic, ʻo ia ke ʻano paʻa a maʻamau o ka aragonite. ʻO ka lua o ka hale i kapa ʻia ʻo ka monoclinic form, ʻaʻole i paʻa a kū wale ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana.

Ma keʻano o kona mau waiwai kino,ʻo ka aragonite he mineral maʻalahi, me ka paʻakikī Mohs o 3.5 a hiki i ka 4. Loaʻa iā ia ka umekaumaha kiko'ī o 2.9 a hiki i ka 3.0 aʻaʻole paʻa loa, hiki ke maʻalahi i ka'ōpala me ka manamana lima a iʻole ka meaʻoi. . He palupalu loa ia a hiki ke nahaha a nahaha paha ke pilikia nui loa.

Loaʻa pinepine ʻia ka Aragonite ma nā ʻano hoʻonohonoho honua like ʻole, me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā ana, nā ʻaʻa koʻa, a me nā pōhaku metamorphic. Loaʻa pinepine ia i ka hui pū ʻana me nā minela carbonate ʻē aʻe, e like me ka calcite a me ka dolomite, a hiki ke lilo i mea nui o nā pōhaku sedimentary e like me ka limestone a me ke kinikini.

ʻO kekahi o nā hanana kaulana loa o ka aragonite aia i loko o nā ana. Ke kahe ka wai me ka calcium carbonate a me nā minela hoʻoheheʻe ʻē aʻe i loko o ke ana, hiki iā ia ke waiho i kēia mau minerala ma nā paia a me nā kaupaku o ke ana, e hana ana i nā hiʻohiʻona nani a paʻakikī. Kapa ʻia kēia mau hiʻohiʻona he speleothems, a hiki iā lākou ke lawe i ke ʻano o nā stalactites (e kau ana mai ke kaupaku), stalagmites (e ulu ana mai ka papahele), a me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka Aragonite ka mea nui o nā speleothems, me ka calcite a me nā minerale ʻē aʻe.

ʻO kekahi mea nui o ka aragonite aia i loko o nā koʻa. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻāʻu koʻa e nā holoholona liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo coral polyps, kahi e huna ai i kahi iwi calcium carbonate a puni ko lākou kino. I ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o kēia mau iwi i ka wā lōʻihi, hana lākou i ke ʻano o ke koʻa. ʻO ka Aragonite kahi mea nui o kēia mau iwi koʻa, me ka calcite a me nā minerale ʻē aʻe.

Ma waho aʻe o kona hanana ʻana i nā ana a me nā koʻa, hiki ke loaʻa ka aragonite i nā pōhaku metamorphic, e like me ke kinikini. ʻO ke kinikini he pōhaku metamorphic i hana ʻia i ka wā e hoʻokau ʻia ai ka limestone a i ʻole nā ​​​​pohaku sedimentary ʻē aʻe i nā kaomi kiʻekiʻe a me nā mahana, e hoʻolalelale ai nā minerala i kahi ʻano hou a paʻa. Loaʻa pinepine ʻia ka Aragonite i loko o ke kinikini, me ka calcite a me nā minerale ʻē aʻe.

Ma ke ʻano o kāna hoʻohana ʻana, ʻaʻole waiwai a hoʻohana nui ʻia ka aragonite e like me nā minerala ʻē aʻe, e like me quartz a i ʻole daimana. Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa iā ia kekahi mau noi ʻoihana koʻikoʻi. No ka laʻana, hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka hana ʻana i ka sima, kahi mea koʻikoʻi o ka nui o nā mea hana. Hoʻohana ʻia i loko

ka hana ʻana i ka lime mahiʻai, i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻopau i ka pH lepo a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka momona o ka lepo. Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia ka aragonite ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopihapiha i nā huahana like ʻole, e like me nā plastics, nā pena, a me nā ʻōpala.

Hoʻohanohano ʻia ʻo Aragonite no kona nani a me ka laha ʻole, a hoʻohana ʻia i kekahi manawa ma ke ʻano he pōhaku makamae a mea hoʻonaninani paha i nā mea nani a me nā mea hoʻonaninani ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka hui pū ʻana me nā minerala ʻē aʻe, e like me ka quartz a i ʻole turquoise, e hana i nā ʻāpana kūʻokoʻa a me nā maka.

I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ʻo ka aragonite kahi mineral kūʻokoʻa a hoihoi e pono ke ʻimi i ka hohonu. Loaʻa iā ia nā ʻano waiwai hoihoi a me nā hanana, a loaʻa iā ia kekahi mau noi ʻoihana koʻikoʻi. Inā he kanaka kālaihonua kau ʻoe a makemake wale paha i nā mea kupanaha maoli o ka honua, ʻo ke aʻo hou ʻana e pili ana i ka aragonite ʻoiaʻiʻo he mea hoʻonaʻauao a leʻaleʻa.

he aniani la

Wehe i ka Geology of Orange Calcite: He Mineralo Hoʻohiwahiwa

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ʻalani calcite rough
26
Dec

ʻO ka calcite ʻalani kahi aniani nani a kaulana i loaʻa nā waiwai geological hoihoi.

He ʻano calcite kēia aniani, ʻo ia ka mineral carbonate i hana ʻia mai ka sedimentation o ka calcium carbonate i nā kaiapuni kai. ʻO Calcite he mineral maʻamau i hiki ke loaʻa i nā kala like ʻole, me ke keʻokeʻo, uliuli, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻulaʻula, melemele, a ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻalani.

ʻIke ʻia ka calcite ʻalani no kona waihoʻoluʻu ʻalani, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hao hao. Hiki i kēia waihoʻoluʻu ke ʻokoʻa mai ka ʻalani haʻihaʻi a i ka ʻalani hohonu a momona, ma muli o ka nui o ka hao oxide i loko o ka aniani.

Ma waho aʻe o kona waihoʻoluʻu nani, mahalo ʻia ka calcite ʻalani no kāna mau mea ho'ōla. Manaʻo ʻia he hopena hoʻomaha a hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka noʻonoʻo a me ke kino, a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana a me nā hana hoʻōla aniani. Manaʻo ʻia ka calcite ʻalani he mea hana ikaika no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka noʻonoʻo a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana, a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e huki i ka nui a me ka pōmaikaʻi.

Hiki ke loaʻa ka calcite ʻalani ma nā wahi like ʻole a puni ka honua, me ka ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Mekiko, a me Rusia. Loaʻa pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano o nā kristal nui a aniani, ʻoiai hiki ke loaʻa ma nā ʻano liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka opaque.

ʻO ka holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ka calcite ʻalani he aniani nani a he nui ka nui o nā waiwai geological hoihoi a me nā pono hoʻōla. He hoihoi paha ʻoe i kona mōʻaukala honua, nā waiwai hoʻōla, or ʻO kona hiʻohiʻona nani wale nō, ʻo ka calcite ʻalani he mea pono e loaʻa i nā mea aloha aniani.

he aniani la

Ka ʻike ʻana i ka nani hoʻohiwahiwa o nā kristal spinel: kahi nānā hohonu i ko lākou mau hiʻohiʻona honua

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spinel crystal
26
Dec

ʻO nā kristal Spinel kahi ʻano mineral i ʻike ʻia no ko lākou nani kupanaha a me nā ʻano kala like ʻole. Hiki ke loaʻa kēia mau kristal i nā aka o ka ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula, poni, uliuli, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a me ka ʻeleʻele, a ua mahalo ʻia no ko lākou ʻano crystalline kūʻokoʻa a me nā hiʻohiʻona nani. Ma kēia moʻomanaʻo moʻomanaʻo, e nānā mākou i nā hiʻohiʻona geological o nā kristal spinel, e ʻimi ana i ko lākou kumu, aʻo, a me na waiwai kino.

ʻO nā kristal spinel no ka hui spinel o nā minela, aia nā ʻano silicates me ke ʻano kemika MgAl2O4. Uaʻikeʻia kēia mau mineral no ko lākou kū'ē kiʻekiʻe i ka wela a me kaʻaʻahu, a hoʻohana pinepineʻia e like me nā abrasives a me nā pōhaku. Loaʻa pinepine ʻia nā kristal spinel i loko o nā pōhaku metamorphic, e like me ke kinikini a me ka serpentinite, a hiki ke loaʻa i loko o nā pōhaku ultramafic metamorphosed a me nā pōhaku igneous mafic.

ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā kristal spinel he kaʻina hana paʻakikī e pili ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā minela i loaʻa ma lalo o nā kaomi kiʻekiʻe a me nā mahana. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia kaʻina hana, i kapa ʻia he metamorphism, i loko o ka ʻōpala o ka honua or ʻaʻahu, a pili maʻamau me ka hana tectonic a me ka komo ʻana o ka pelemaka. Ma muli o ka metamorphism, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā kristal spinel ma ke ʻano he hoʻohui ʻia i loko o nā minela ʻē aʻe, a i ʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale kūʻokoʻa e like me nā kristal discrete.

Ma ke ʻano o nā waiwai kino, ʻike ʻia nā kristal spinel no ko lākou kiʻekiʻe kikoʻī kikoʻī, paʻakikī, a me ka helu refractive. ʻO kēia mau waiwai, i hui pū ʻia me ko lākou mau waihoʻoluʻu a me nā hiʻohiʻona nani, e hana i nā kristal spinel i mahalo nui ʻia e like me nā pōhaku makamae. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā kristal spinel e like me nā pōhaku makamae no nā kenekulia, a ua mahalo ʻia e nā ʻohana aliʻi a me nā ʻohi. ʻO kekahi o nā kristal spinel kaulana loa ma ka honua, ʻo ia ka "Black Prince's Ruby," he spinel nui a ʻulaʻula i hoʻonoho ʻia ma ka Imperial State Crown o ʻEnelani, a me ka "Timur Ruby," he spinel nui a ʻulaʻula i ʻāpana o ka. na Leialii Beritania.

I ka hopena, ʻo nā kristal spinel kahi ʻano minerala hoihoi i ʻike ʻia no ko lākou nani hoʻohiwahiwa a me nā hiʻohiʻona kūlohelohe. Mai ko lākou mau kala like ʻole a hiki i ko lākou mau waiwai kino, ua hopu kēia mau kristal i ka manaʻo o ka poʻe geologists a me nā mea hoihoi pōhaku. Inā he kanaka kālaihonua kau ʻoe a i ʻole he mahalo wale ʻoe i nā waiwai o ka honua, ʻo nā kristal spinel e hoʻohauʻoli a hauʻoli.

he aniani la

ʻO ka wehe ʻana i nā mea kupanaha o nā kristal Zincite: kahi hiʻohiʻona honua

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nā kiʻi aniani zincite
26
Dec

ʻO nā kristal Zincite kekahi ʻano o ka mineral zinc oxide i ʻike ʻia no kona waihoʻoluʻu ʻalani. Loaʻa ʻia kēia mau minerala i waena o ka metamorphic or nā kaʻina hana hydrothermal, kahi e hana ai lākou ma lalo o ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe a me nā kūlana wela.

Ma ke ʻano o nā hiʻohiʻona kino, ʻike ʻia nā kristal zincite no ko lākou kala ʻalani ʻokoʻa a me ke ʻano aniani hexagonal. Hiki iā lākou ke hōʻike i nā ʻano kala ʻē aʻe, e like me ka melemele, ka ʻulaʻula, a me ka ʻulaʻula, ma muli o nā haumia i loko o ka mineral. ʻO nā kristal Zincite he mea maʻalahi a he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ka paʻakikī ma ka pālākiō Mohs, e maʻalahi iā lākou e ʻohi a ʻoki paha.

Ma kemika, ua haku ʻia nā kristal zincite me ka zinc oxide, a i ʻole ZnO. ʻO kēia pūhui he semiconductor i ʻike ʻia, ʻo ia ka mea hiki ke alakaʻi i ka uila ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana. He pūhui hoʻoikaika nui nō hoʻi, ʻo ia ke kumu e ʻike pinepine ʻia ai nā kristal zincite i waena o nā kaʻina metamorphic a hydrothermal.

Ma keʻano o ke koʻikoʻi geological, ʻaʻole maʻamau nā kristal zincite, akā hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma nā wahi like ʻole a puni ka honua. ʻO kekahi mau waihona koʻikoʻi i loko o Polani, Czech Republic, a me ka ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ua ʻike pū ʻia nā kristal Zincite i loko o nā meteorites, e hōʻike ana ua hana ʻia lākou ma ka lewa a pae hope ma ka Honua.

ʻO ka holoʻokoʻa, ʻo nā kristal zincite he mea hoihoi a kūʻokoʻa hoʻi i ka honua, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ʻike i nā kaʻina hana paʻakikī e hoʻohālike i ko mākou honua. Inā he kanaka hulihonua paha ʻoe, ʻohi mineral, a i ʻole he mea hoihoi i ka honua kūlohelohe, nui nā mea e aʻo ai a ʻike e pili ana i kēia mau minerala hoihoi.

he aniani la

E ʻimi ana i ka ʻikehonua a me nā waiwai o ka maka ʻulaʻula

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Tumbel maka tigre ʻulaʻula
26
Dec

ʻO ka maka tiger ʻulaʻula he mineral maikaʻi loa i mahalo ʻia no kāna mau kala a me nā ʻano like ʻole. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā mea nani a me nā mea hoʻonaninani ʻē aʻe ma muli o kona nani maoli a me ka lōʻihi. Akā, he aha ka mea e pili ana i ka maka tigre ʻulaʻula i mea kūikawā?

He ʻano like ʻole ka maka tigre ʻulaʻula quartz, he mineral maʻamau i loaʻa i nā ʻano pōhaku he nui. Hana ʻia ia i loko o nā pōhaku metamorphic, ʻo ia nā pōhaku i hoʻololi ʻia e ka wela a me ke kaomi. Ke hoʻokau ʻia ka quartz i kēia mau kūlana, hiki iā ia ke lawe i nā waiwai a me nā kala hou, e hopena i nā minerale e like me ka maka tiger ʻulaʻula.

Loaʻa ka maka tiger ʻulaʻula i kona waihoʻoluʻu ʻokoʻa mai ka iron oxide, aia i loko o ka mineral ma nā mea liʻiliʻi. Ke ʻike ʻia ka hao ʻokesaʻe i ka mālamalama, e hoʻihoʻi mai ia i nā lōʻihi nalu ʻulaʻula, e hāʻawi ana i ka maka tigra ʻulaʻula i kona ʻano ʻulaʻula. Hiki ke waihoʻoluʻu ke kala o ka maka tiger ʻulaʻula mai ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula a i ka ʻulaʻula hohonu, ma muli o ka nui o ka hao oxide i loaʻa.

Ma waho aʻe o kona kala, ʻike ʻia ka maka tiger ʻulaʻula no kāna kamaʻilio ʻana, or ka hiki ke hoʻomālamalama i ka mālamalama i loko o kahi ʻāpana haiki. Hāʻawi kēia i ka mineral i ka hopena "maka cat", ʻo ia ke kumu i kapa pinepine ʻia ai he maka tiger. ʻO ka chatoyancy o ka maka tiger ʻulaʻula ma muli o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā fibers i loko o ka mineral, e hōʻike ana i ka mālamalama i kekahi ʻano.

ʻO ka maka tiger ʻulaʻula he nui nā hoʻohana pono i hoʻohui ʻia i kāna waiwai hoʻonaninani. He mineral paʻakikī ia, e kūpono ai no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea nani a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Manaʻo ʻia ka maka tiger ʻulaʻula he mau mea ho'ōla a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka lāʻau kuʻuna a me nā hana ʻuhane.

I ka hopena, ʻo ka maka tiger ʻulaʻula he mineral hoihoi i mahalo ʻia no kona kala kūʻokoʻa a me kona ʻano. Kona aʻo i loko o nā pōhaku metamorphic a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka iron oxide i kona ʻano ʻulaʻula a me ka chatoyancy. ʻO ʻoe he mea hoihoi i ka geology a mahalo wale paha i ka nani o nā minerala, ʻo ka maka tiger ʻulaʻula he mineral hoʻohiwahiwa a maʻalahi i kūpono ke ʻimi.

he aniani la

Ke ʻimi nei i ka Geology ʻO Red Jasper

Posted on by miamimining
kupee iasepi ulaula
26
Dec

He pōhaku sedimentary nani a kū hoʻokahi ʻo Red jasper i hoʻopio i ka manaʻo o ka poʻe kālaihonua a me ka poʻe hoihoi pōhaku no nā kenekulia. ʻO kona ʻano ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula ʻokoʻa ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hao hao, kahi e hāʻawi ai i kahi hiʻohiʻona ikaika a me ke ahi. Akā ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka pōhaku ʻulaʻula ma mua o ka pōhaku nani - he moʻolelo kālaihonua waiwai a hoihoi.

ʻO iasepi ʻulaʻula kahi ʻano microcrystalline quartz, 'o ia ho'i, ua hana 'ia me nā kristal quartz li'ili'i loa. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia ma nā wahi sedimentary, e like me nā kahawai or kokoke i kahakai. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana sedimentary i ka wela a me ke kaomi, kahi e hui pū ai nā kristal quartz a hana i ka jasper ʻulaʻula.

ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona hoihoi loa o ka iasepi ʻulaʻula ʻo ia ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ka wela. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia waiwai i kahi koho kaulana no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pale wela a me nā huahana thermal therapy. Akā, ʻo kona hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ka wela, he mea waiwai ia i nā haʻawina ʻāina, no ka mea hiki ke kōkua i nā ʻepekema e aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala wela o ka Honua.

Ma waho aʻe o kāna waiwai ʻepekema, ua mahalo ʻia ka ʻulaʻula iasepi no kona nani a me kona ʻano ʻuhane. Ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻano kumu a hoʻomaha ia, a ua hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā moʻomeheu like ʻole he amulet pale a i ʻole no nā mea hoʻonaninani.

Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ka ʻulaʻula iasepi he pōhaku hoʻohiwahiwa a nui i hopu i ka hoihoi o ka poʻe kālaihonua a me ka poʻe hoihoi pōhaku. ʻO kona mau waiwai kūʻokoʻa a me kona helehelena nani e lilo ia i mea waiwai a waiwai nui i ka honua o ka geology.

he aniani la

ʻO ka nani a me ka waiwai o nā pōhaku pōhaku Ruby

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pōhaku makamae ruby
25
Dec

He pōhaku nani a waiwai nui ʻo Ruby i mahalo nui ʻia no nā kenekulia no kona kala ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula a me ka lōʻihi. He ʻano corundum, ʻo ia ka mineral i haku ʻia me ka alumini oxide. Ke loaʻa i ka alumini oxide nā ʻāpana o ka chromium, lilo ia i ruby.

ʻIke ʻia ʻo Ruby no kona ʻulaʻula momona, hiki ke loaʻa mai kahi ʻulaʻula hohonu, ʻeleʻele a i kahi ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka ikaika o ke kala e pili ana i ka nui o ka chromium i loko o ka pōhaku. ʻO nā rubi me nā mea chromium kiʻekiʻe loa i manaʻo ʻia he mea waiwai loa.

Ma waho aʻe o kona kala, mahalo ʻia ka ruby ​​no kona lōʻihi. He 9 ia ma ka pālākiō Mohs o ka paʻakikī mineral, e lilo ia i kekahi o nā pōhaku paʻakikī. ʻO ia ke ʻano o ka pale ʻana i ka ʻoki ʻana a me ka ʻoki ʻana, e lilo ia i koho maikaʻi loa no nā mea nani e ʻaʻahu ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā.

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Ruby ma kekahi mau ʻāina a puni ka honua, me Afghanistan, Madagascar, a me Thailand. ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka ruby ​​e pili ana i kahi a me nā kūlana o ka mine, a me ke akamai o ka mea miner. ʻO nā rubi i ʻeli ʻia ma nā wahi me ka nui o ka chromium, ʻoi aku ka hohonu o ka waihoʻoluʻu.

He koho kaulana ʻo Ruby no nā mea nani, a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā apo komo, nā lei, nā apo pepeiao, a me nā ʻano mea nani ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana ʻia ia i loko o kekahi mau mea kūʻai kuʻuna a me ka moʻomeheu, e like me ka ruby ​​​​" pigeon's blood" Burmese, i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka ruby ​​kiʻekiʻe loa.

Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ka ruby ​​kahi pōhaku makamae a waiwai nui i mahalo ʻia no kona kala ʻulaʻula momona a me ka lōʻihi. ʻO kāna versatility a me ka nani e lilo ia i mea koho kaulana no nā mea nani a me nā mea hoʻonaninani ʻē aʻe.

he aniani la

ʻO Garnets: He Pūʻulu Minerala Hoʻohiwahiwa i ka Honua o Geology

Posted on by miamimining
garnet
24
Dec

ʻO Garnets kahi pūʻulu o nā minerala i hoʻohauʻoli lōʻihi i ka poʻe geologists a me nā mea makemake mineral. Me ka nui o nā kala a me nā ʻano like ʻole, ʻo nā garnets kekahi o nā hui mineral ʻokoʻa a nani loa i ka honua. Ma waho aʻe o ko lākou hiʻohiʻona nani, loaʻa i nā garnets kekahi mau waiwai kūʻokoʻa a me ka mōʻaukala waiwai e lilo ai lākou i kumuhana koʻikoʻi a hoihoi i ka honua o ka geology.

ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona kaulana loa o nā garnets ʻo kā lākou kala kala. Hiki ke loaʻa i nā ʻoniʻoni ʻulaʻula, ʻalani, melemele, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻulaʻula, poni, a me ke kala ʻole. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia kala kona mau ʻano ponoʻī a me nā hōʻailona, ​​a ʻo ke ʻano o nā kala i loko o ka hui garnet kekahi o nā mea e hoʻohanohano ai lākou.

Hiki mai nā Garnets i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole a me nā ʻano like ʻole, kēlā me kēia me kona mau pono ponoʻī a me nā hoʻohana. ʻIke ʻia nā garnets Almandine no ko lākou ʻulaʻula hohonu a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā mea nani. He ʻulaʻula nō hoʻi nā garnets Pyrope, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka malu a ʻoi aku ka ikaika. ʻO ka Spessartine garnets, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ua ʻike ʻia no ko lākou kala ʻalani a loaʻa pinepine i ka granite a me ka gneiss.

Ma waho aʻe o ko lākou nani a me nā ʻano like ʻole, loaʻa i nā garnets kekahi mau waiwai kūʻokoʻa e hoʻolilo iā lākou i mea waiwai i nā ʻano o nā noi. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Garnets no ko lākou paʻakikī a me ka lōʻihi, e kūpono iā lākou no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana abrasive e like me ke one a me nā ʻōnaehana kānana wai. Kūleʻa nō hoʻi lākou i ka wela a loaʻa kahi helu heheʻe kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻohana pono iā lākou i nā wahi wela kiʻekiʻe e like me nā linings umu a me nā pad brake.

Akā ʻaʻole pono wale nā ​​garnets; He moʻolelo koʻikoʻi ko lākou a ua mahalo ʻia no ko lākou nani a me nā waiwai kūʻokoʻa no nā kenekulia. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua loaʻa nā garnets i nā mea nani kahiko a me nā mea waiwai ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka Bronze Age. I kēia lā, hoʻomau ka garnets i ka hoʻopio a hoʻoulu i ka poʻe geologists a me nā mea makemake mineral a puni ka honua me ko lākou nani, nā ʻano like ʻole, a me nā waiwai kūʻokoʻa.